Electric heating apparatus.



D. PARRAND.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 16, 1910.

1 9 1 22,892 Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

$,E ENTOR:

Buggy aris n ATTORNEYS D. PARRAND.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 16, 1910.

1, 22,892,, Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 I Q Q WITNESSES: INVENTOR.

DU1 Farraqa,

W ETUE= W WW0 ATTORNEYS D. PARRAND. ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR, 16, 1910.

1, i $2 8920 Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

I 3 SHBETSSHEBT 3.

ii 53 L i 2 t 3 J I! A INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

- Duagy Fa Iraqi ATTORNEYS UNITED STATEggAlIENT OFFICE.

DUDLEY FARRAND, 0F NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

Application filed March 16, 1910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, DUDLEY FARRAND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric HeatinApparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention has reference, generally, to improvements inelectric heating apparatus; and the invention relates, moreparticularly, to an apparatus for supplying hot-water for purposes ofconsumption, and also for supplying and circulating hotwater in theradiators of hot water heating systems, and for various other purposesto which the present invention is applicable.

The principal object of the present in vention is to pro ide a simpleand effective apparatus or appliance for making use of an electricalcurrent to heat water for the purposes above set forth; and a furtherobject of the present invention is to provide the magnetic fields of atransformer with prinary and secondary windings, the primary windingsbeing connected with a main circuit connected with a suitable source ofelectrical energy, while the secondary windings constitute tubular coilsor pipes wound around the field-cores of the transformer,

said secondary-windings thus being adapted to carry and circulate theWater or other fluid to be heated, and thereby providing an exceedinglysimple, and most efficient means for heating fluids by means ofelectricity. A further object of the present invention is to provide incertain desired applications of said invention, a means forshort-circuiting a portion of the piping leading to and forming a partof said secondary windings, thereby cooling a portion of said piping, toaid the circulation of the water or other flui d in the svstem.

Other objects of the present invention not at this time moreparticularly enumerated, Wlll be 'clearlyunderstoorl fromftheSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

Serial No. 549,691.

following detailed description of the said invention.

With these various objects of the present invention in view, the saidinvention consists, primarily, in the novel electrical heating device orapparatus hereinafter more fully set forth; and, this inventionconsists, furthermore, in the novel arrangements and combinations of thevarious devices and parts, as well as in the details of the constructionthereof, all of which will be hereinafter more fully described, and thenfinally embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended to andwhich form an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a side elevation of an electrical fluid orwater-heating apparatus, illustrating one embodiment of the presentinvention. and showing the apparatus in the form of a tank supportedupon a transformer, with the primary and secondary circuits arranged inthe manner of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of anelectric water-heating apparatus made according to the invention, andshowing the application of the same to a radiator, such as areordinarily used in heating plants for buildings of the various kinds.Fig. 3 is an elevation of an electrical water-heating apparatus, showinganother embodiment of the invention. the apparatus comprising amultiplicity of primary and secondary coils. the tubular secondary coilsbeing connected to a single line of piping. Fig. is an elevation of anelectrical. water-heating apparatus showing the applicati n. of the sameto a boiler or tank for supplying hot-water for domestic use.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of theherein-abovedescribed views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the said drawings. the referencecharacter 1 indicatesan electrical water or fluid-heating apparatus showing one embodiment ofthe principles of the present invention. and the same comprises asuitablv formed transformer having the usual field-pieces 2. betweenwhich are arranged the energizing cores 3. Each core 3 is provided withsuitable wire-windings,

each winding consisting off afprimary winding or coil 4. These windingsare arranged so as to coil upon, or encircle, both cores 3 in the samedirection, in the usual and wellknown manner. n The terminals 5 of saidprimary windings or coils 1 are electrically connected withthe wires orelectrical conductors 6 of a main feed-circuit, leading from anysuitable source of electrical energy, electrical connection being, madeby means of any suitable electricalswitch, as 7, and which isillustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 1 of the drawings. This switch maybe of any suitable construction and may operate in such a manner, thatthe primary windings or coils 4 of the respective energizing cores 3 maybe coupled with a main source of electrical energy, either in parallelor in series, as may be desired.

Referring more particularly to Fig. l of the said drawings, the novelheating apparates is shown in operative connection with an ordinary tank9, adapted td contain a fluid, such as water. The said tank 9 ispreferably arranged above and supported upon the transformerhereinbefore described. Pipes 10 lead from the bottom of said tank 9 tothe lower or inlet-end 11 of each of said coils of piping 8, which formthe secondary I windings of said cores 3. In like manner,

the upper or outlet-end 12 of each of said coils ofpiping 8 is connectedwith said tank 9 near the top or upper portion thereof, by means ofpipes 13 which carry the water or other fluid to the top of said tank 9.

The fluid within the tank 9 passes down through the pipes 10, and inseeking its level in said tank 9, fills the said coils of piping 8,which form the secondary windings, and rises to the water level of thetank 9 through the pipes 13. The secondary electric current,

which is generated in the coil of piping 8 through the agency of theprimary windings on said energizing cores 3, heats up said coils ofpiping 8, and consequently also heats the water or other fluid containedin said coils of piping 8.- The heated water naturally rises in saidcoils of )iping 8 and said pipes 13, thus flowing bac into the tank 9,the cold water flowing from the bottom of said tank 9, through the pipes1.0, replacing the heated water in said coils of piping 8, and thusestablishing a circulation of the water to be heated through said coilsof piping 8. In order to assure a more perfect circulation of the saidwater by keeping the feed-pipes 10 at a lower temperature and reventingthe same from heating, and to urther prevent any tendency of the waterto rise in said pipes 10, there may be provided a by-pass wiring orshort circuit which serves to cut-out of the secondary circuit of saidcores 3, the said pipes 10. This by-pass wiring or short circuitcomprises a suitable binding post 14, or other suitable means offastening secured upon a portion,'preferably the upper end of each pipe13, and a similar binding-post 15, or other suitable means of fasteningupon a portion and preferably the lower end of each pipe 10, saidbinding-posts being respectively connected by means of circuit-wire 16.The electrical current generated in the secondary windings or coils ofpiping 8 flows into the pipes 13, and back to the coils of piping 8,through said wire-conductors 16,'thus short-circuiting out of the saidsecondary circuit the pipes 10, so that the same remain at a lowertemperature than the coils of piping 8 and the return pipes 13, andthereby permitting the cold water or fluid in said tank 9 to pass freelythrough the pipes or to the coils of piping 8, there to be heated.

Referring now to Fig. 2 of the said drawings, the novel heatingapparatus is shown in its operative connection with a hot-water radiator17. The feed-pipe 18 is connected with the outlet or upper ends 12 ofthe coils of piping '8 and said pipe leads into the upper portion ofsaid radiator 17. The return-pipe 19 of the radiator is connected withthe inlet or lower ends 11 of said coils of piping 8, substantially inthe manner shown. In order to assure a proper circulation of the waterthrough said radiator 17 and the return-pipe 19, to said coils of piping8, the said radiator 17 and a portion of said return-pipe is cut out ofthe secondary circuit, formed by said coils of pipe 8, .by means of aby-pass wiring or short circuit which comprises a binding-post 20, orother means offastening upon the feed-pipe 18, in any convenientlocation, and a similar binding-post 21, or other means of fasteningconnected in a convenient location to thereturn pipe 19, the saidbinding posts being connected by the circuit-wire 22, thus cutting outofthe secondary circuit the radiator 17 and a greater portion of thereturnpiping 19,so that the same remain at a lower temperature than thecoils of piping 8 and feed-piping 18, whereby a free circulation of thecool water is permitted back to said heating coilsof piping '8. Theoperation of the heating apparatus is substantially as above describedin connection with the tank 9.

Referring now to Fig. 3 of the said drawings, the novel heatingapparatus is shown in operative connection with a running or straightline of piping. When such an application of my novel heating apparatusis made, it will be readily understood that a plurality of heating unitsmay be arranged in circuit and connected with the line of piping. Theinlet-line of piping 23 is conof piping 24. The water passing throughsaid lines of piping 23 and 24 is conveyed through said coils of piping8, whereupon the same is heated during its transit, as will be clearlyunderstood.

Referring now to Fig. 4 of said drawings, the novel electrical heatingapparatus is shown in its arrangement with a boiler 25 which is adaptedto contain water to be heated for domestic uses. In such application,the usual cold water feed-pipe 26 enters said boiler 25 in the usualmanner, and a system of piping 27 is connected with the bottom of saidboiler 25 and extends to and is connected with the bottom or inlet-ends11 of said coils of piping 8 forming the secondary circuit of the cores3 of said heating apparatus. The outlet ends 12 of said coils of pipes 8are connected by means of piping 28 to the boiler and by means of whichthe heated water is returned to the boiler 25. The hot water is drawnoff from the top of said boiler 25 by the usual outlet pipe 29.-

Frcm the foregoing description, it will be clearly evident, that I havedevised a novel, simple and efficient apparatus for electrically heatingfluids, as water, and the like, said apparatus being adapted to beapplied to many uses to which it is desirable to put the same for thepurpose of heating water or other liquids; but, it will be readilyunderstood that some changes may be made in the general arrangements andcombinations of the various devices and parts, as well as in the detailsof the construction of the same, without in any way departing from thescope of the present invention, as set forth in the foregoingspecification, and as defined in the claim which is appended thereto.Hence, I do not limit my present invention to the exact arrangements andcombinations of devices and parts as described in the saidspecification, nor do I confine myself to the exact details of theconstruction of the said parts as illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings.

I claim:

An apparatus for heating fluids by means of electricity comprising atransformer having field cores, wire-conductors arranged upon andencircling said field cores, said wireconductors forming primarywindings, said wire-conductors being connected in circuit with a sourceof'electrical energy, a fluid-containing means, and an outlet-pipe and areturn-pipe connected with said fluidco ntaining means, tubularfluid-conveying ducts connected with said outlet and returnpipes, saidfluid-conveying ducts encircling said field cores and forming secondarywindings, and wire-conductors between said outlet-pipes and return-pipesfor short-circuiting the outletpipes out of said secondary circuit, sothat the outlet pipes will remain at a lower temperature than thesecondary coil and the return-pipe.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereuntoset my hand this 14th day of March, 1910.

DUDLEY FARRAND.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, FREDK. H. W; FRAENTZEL.

